Design Context: Richard Miles : Panopticism : Lecture 3

LECTURE 3:

How social control and the way society makes our consciousness. institutions and specific types of power institutions hold over us : physical presence i.e organise bodies of men (prisons / army / police) or institutions that have organised practise or behaviour (family, marriage). How they frame our behaviour. people authorising - whats good / bad?

PANOPTICISM INSTITUTIONAL POWER

Panopticom is a building > understand micheal foulcalts concept of disciplinary society'

consider that disciplinary society i a way of making individuals productive and useful.

Understand foultts idea of techniques of the body and 'docile' bodies.

MICHEAL FOULCAULT :

INSANITY // MADNESS // civilisation

To deconstruct

History :

MIDDLE AGES : NO STRICT CONCEPTION OF MADNESS; HAPPY FOOL NO DIVISION NO DIVISION BETWEEN SANE AND THE INSANE UNTIL 1600'S > NEW SENSIBLITY STARTED TO EMERGE > CONCERNS NEW ATTITUDE TO WORK AND SOCIAL VALUE OF WORK, FROM MORAL USEFULNESS OF WORK. ANXIETY EMERGED TO ALL PEOPLE WHO COULD BE BRAKCED AS SOCIALLY USELESS, EG, NOT PRODUCTIVE LABOURERS. THESE HOUSES OF CORRECTION WERE BUILD. HOUSES/PRISIONS FOR FACTORYS - THREW MAD, CRIMINALS - SOCIALL UNPRODUCTIVE WERE DEEMED, DRUNKEN PEOPLE, DISEASE PEOPLE, SINGLE MOTHERS, HOUSES OF DEPRESSION. MADE TO WORK AT WORK STATIO, PHYSICALLY BEATEN IF THEY DIDNT WORK, CRUDE WAY OR MAKING SOCIAL UNPRODUCTIVE > PRODUCTIVE. UNDERTSANDING OF MORAL RE-FORM WAS THOUGHT TO BE THIS. THIS WENT ON UNTIL THE 18TH CENTURY. HOUSES OF CORRECTION STARTED TO BE SEEN AS MISTAKE, INSIDE HOUSES ALL PEOPLE WOULD CORRUPT EACH OTHER, INSANE CWOULD CORRUPT THE SANE ETC. WHAT EMERGED WAS SPECIALISED INSTITUTIONS LIKE PRISN FOR CRIMINALS LIKE MENTAL HOSPITAL AND THE ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE > CORRECTING THE MENTAL ILL SME WAY AS HOSITAL CORRECTS THE SICK,

THESE INSTITUTIONS WORKED ON CORRECTING IN A VERY DIFFERENT WAY THAT THE HOUSES DID. IN ASYULUM INSTEAD OF PHYSICAL VIOLENCE SUTTLE TECHNIQUES WERE USED, TATICALLY REDUCED TO STATE OF CHILDREN, TREATED LIKE CHILDREN AND IF THEY BEHAVED PPROPRAITLY THEY WERE GIVEN AWARDS, BADLY > THEY WERE CHASTIZED. INTRESTING BECAUSE PRE MODERN SOCIETY TO ATTEMPT CONTRL POPULATION THROUGH PHYSICAL VIOLNCE TO A MORE SPEACIALISED FORM OF CONTROL THOUGH MENTAL TATICS > TRAINIG PEOPLE TO BEHAVE. MODIFYING PEOPELS BEHAVIOUR / ATTITUDE.

YOU GET NEW INSTITUTIONAL SPECIALISED KNOWLEDGE . EXPERTS THTA EXPLAIN WHAT GOES ON. NEW AUTHORITY FIGURES, PHYSCOLOGY ETC,DOCTOR GAINS MASSIVE INCREASE IN SOCIAL STATUS AT THIS TIME.

HOW TEHSE INSTITUTIONS EFFECT THE WAY WE THINK AND CONTRIL OUR BEHVAIOUR IN A WAY THAT YOU TAKE RESPONSIBILTY FOR YOUR OWN DISCIPLINE.

IN PRE MODERN SOCIETY > DISPLINE TECHNIQUES USED WHERE NOT ABOUT CORRECTING OR REFORMING BUT PUNISHMENT WAS TO BE AS MEAN AND GRIZZLY AS POSSIBLE, DISPLINE SERVIED AS A VISABLE TECHNIUE AND REMIINDER AS POWER OF STATE OVER YOU.

SIGN OF POWER OF STATE AND RMINDER TO PEOPLE NOT TO TEST THAT. PUNISHEMNT ON FEAR AND PHYSICAL PUNISHMENT.

PUNISHMENT > GUY FORKS > VERY GRIZZLY

MODERN SOCIETY > NEW FORM OF DIIPLINE > EMERGENCY OF DISCIPLINARY SOCIETY > NEW MODE OF POWER THAT REVOLVES ROUND MENTAL RATHER THEN PHYSICAL AND INFUSES EVERY ASPECT OF OUR LIVES.

SURVALINECE : CONTROL BEHAVIOURS THOUGHTS FEELINGS PHYSICALLY IMPROVE SOCIAL USEFULNESS. = PANPOPTICISM > FTER THE BUILDING

PANOPTICOM > THIS IS A BUILDING. PROPOSED AS A DESIGN FOR A GENERIC CONSITUTION > MULTIFUNCTIONAL HOSPIAL FOOD SCHOOL ASYLUM PRISON ETC.. MOST WERE ACTUALLY PRISON AND ASYLUMS.

CIRCULAR BUILDING > THERE ARE CELLS ETC WITH WALLS IN-BETWEEN WHERE AN INDIVIDUAL WILL BE PLACED ON NUMBER OF FLOORS.

Each cell has a large window from back and open from the front in each cell there is an individual, wall to left and right > in panopticon it has a mental effect > he proposed the building as almost the perfect institution for whatever purpose. reason it functions perfectly, is cos, each cell individual stares constant at the central observation tower, (hospital doctors, school teachers) prison - prison gursd. inmates could not see each other, all they can really see if is the constant guards in the tower > has an effect.

Efffect that is the opposite of dungeon > where you hide or lock away the crimal classes, Panopticom everything is light and visual and on display how class goes from dark to scrutiny.

because your costly reminded that you are being watched by someone who expects you to behave, what happens is that you ultimalty you never behave in a bad way. because if you were to rebel you would be spotted. so what is the point of misbehaving? that effect is drilled into your head, no responses, can't see or speak to anyone, always on your mind, it has servivre mental effects.

THE PANOPTICON INTERNALISES THE INDIVIDUAL CONSCIOUS STATE.

THEREFORE YOU DONT NEED ANYONE SUPERVISING COS YOU WOULD MENTAL THINK THAT YOU ARE BEING WATCHED. PEOPLE START TO CONTROL THEMSLEVES,

Scrutteny and functions like a laboratory, classification interilistic knowdgle sppecialist to carry out experiments on people. System for classifying.

PANOPTIC POWER > OPEN PLAN OFFICE > PEOPLE TO SHARE EXPERIENCE, BUT WHAT REALLY HAPPENS THAT PEOPLE CAN CONSTANLTY BE SEEN INFRONT OF THE BOSS, NOT GOOFING OFF WITH MATES, CHANGES WORKERS

VISIBLITY AND INTERNALISED OF WBEING WATCHED > CONTROL BEHAVIOUR > START CONTROLLING YOURSELF.